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JOB REPORT / 23-1021 · 14 TASKS

Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers.

Can AI do the work of Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers?

Mostly it works alongside you. Here is what shifts, task by task.

YOUR EXPERIENCE MATTERS

How does this fit your work?

How many tasks do you use AI to assist with at work?

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Starting pointOur estimate

The mark shows what’s typical for this job.

The parts of your job AI can already do most of:

  • Review and evaluate data on documents
  • Schedule hearings
  • Explain to claimants how they can appeal rulings that…

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WHAT WE LOOKED AT

Your job, task by task.

14 of 14 tasks reviewed

We went through all 14 core tasks in this job, one at a time.

Task by task, from the work Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers actually do. How we describe AI use in each task is our own read of it, not a measurement of whether AI can replace the job.

  1. TASK 01

    Review and evaluate data on documents, such as claim applications, birth or death certificates, or physician or employer records.

    AI DOES

    Scans documents, pulls out key facts, flags missing info, and checks for inconsistencies

    YOU DO

    Apply legal judgment and weigh the full context of each case

  2. TASK 02

    Schedule hearings.

    AI DOES

    Checks calendars, finds open slots, sends notices, and drafts confirmation messages

    YOU DO

    Handle conflicts, special accommodations, and judgment calls about priority

  3. TASK 03

    Explain to claimants how they can appeal rulings that go against them.

    AI DOES

    Drafts clear, plain-language summaries of appeal steps and deadlines

    YOU DO

    Confirm legal accuracy and adapt the explanation to each claimant's specific situation and questions

  4. TASK 04

    Authorize payment of valid claims and determine method of payment.

    AI DOES

    Reviews claim details, checks rules, and flags missing info or inconsistencies

    YOU DO

    Apply legal judgment and take official responsibility for each payment decision

  5. TASK 05

    Recommend the acceptance or rejection of claims or compromise settlements according to laws, regulations, policies, and precedent decisions.

    AI DOES

    Searches relevant laws, flags matching precedents, and drafts initial recommendation summaries

    YOU DO

    Apply judgment to nuanced facts, weigh credibility, and take legal responsibility for the final decision

  6. TASK 06

    Conduct studies of appeals procedures in field agencies to ensure adherence to legal requirements and to facilitate determination of cases.

    AI DOES

    Scans procedural records, compares them to legal standards, and highlights gaps or inconsistencies

    YOU DO

    Apply legal judgment and sign off on official findings that agencies must follow

  7. TASK 07

    Rule on exceptions, motions, and admissibility of evidence.

    AI DOES

    Searches precedents, summarizes motion arguments, and drafts initial legal analysis

    YOU DO

    Apply judgment to facts, weigh fairness, and make the final binding ruling

  8. TASK 08

    Conduct hearings to review and decide claims regarding issues, such as social program eligibility, environmental protection, or enforcement of health and safety regulations.

    AI DOES

    Summarizes case files, finds relevant regulations, and drafts decision templates

    YOU DO

    Assess witness credibility and weigh fairness in the room

  9. TASK 09SOURCE-BACKED TASK

    Prepare written opinions and decisions.

    AI DOES

    Drafts legal reasoning and cites relevant cases

    YOU DO

    Weigh precedent and decide the outcome

    About this analysis

    58% · Methodology: exposure-v1 · Analysis date: unavailable · Confidence: medium

  10. TASK 10

    Monitor and direct the activities of trials and hearings to ensure that they are conducted fairly and that courts administer justice while safeguarding the legal rights of all involved parties.

    AI DOES

    Searches case law, drafts procedural summaries, flags legal inconsistencies, and helps prepare hearing documents

    YOU DO

    Stay present in the room to weigh credibility, make binding rulings, and protect every party's rights in real time

  11. TASK 11

    Confer with individuals or organizations involved in cases to obtain relevant information.

    AI DOES

    Drafts question lists, summarizes prior case info, and flags missing details before meetings

    YOU DO

    Lead the actual conversation and judge whether answers are credible

  12. TASK 12

    Issue subpoenas and administer oaths in preparation for formal hearings.

    AI DOES

    Drafts subpoena language, checks procedural rules, and flags missing information

    YOU DO

    Sign official documents and administer oaths as a credentialed legal authority

  13. TASK 13SOURCE-BACKED TASK

    Determine existence and amount of liability according to current laws, administrative and judicial precedents, and available evidence.

    AI DOES

    Researches relevant laws, cases, and precedents quickly

    YOU DO

    Weigh the evidence and make the call

    About this analysis

    29% · Methodology: exposure-v1 · Analysis date: unavailable · Confidence: medium

  14. TASK 14SOURCE-BACKED TASK

    Research and analyze laws, regulations, policies, and precedent decisions to prepare for hearings and to determine conclusions.

    AI DOES

    Searches cases and summarizes relevant precedents quickly

    YOU DO

    Judge which precedents truly apply

    About this analysis

    28% · Methodology: exposure-v1 · Analysis date: unavailable · Confidence: medium

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Data sources and attribution

This page includes information from the O*NET 30.3 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. rtwoai has modified all or some of this information. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA.

Wage and employment figures are from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (2025). Job outlook is from the BLS Employment Projections program, 2024–34. BLS data are in the public domain. BLS has not reviewed or endorsed this page.

Task collaboration data is from the Anthropic Economic Index, release 2025-03-27, used under the CC BY 4.0 license. Anthropic has not reviewed or endorsed this page.

How we describe AI use in each task is our own characterization, not a measurement of whether AI can replace this job. Microsoft note that their metrics "should not be misconstrued or misrepresented as measuring the ability of AI to replace jobs," and that there is more to an occupation than the sum of its tasks.

Can AI do the work of Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers? — rtwoai